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A number of expert groups have proposed an increase in dietary protein recommendations for older age groups to 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight per day. [48] [49] Ensuring adequate nutrition in older adults is of interest in the prevention of sarcopenia and frailty, since it is a simple, low-cost treatment approach without major side effects. [50]
It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a large impact on quality of life. [1] Urinary incontinence is common in older women and has been identified as an important issue in geriatric health care. [2] [3] The term enuresis is often used to refer to urinary incontinence primarily in children, such as nocturnal enuresis (bed ...
Globally, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men over the age of 50 will have an osteoporotic fracture. [194] Data from the United States shows a decrease in osteoporosis within the general population and in white women, from 18% in 1994 to 10% in 2006. [198] White and Asian people are at greater risk. [3]
An elderly Somali woman An elderly woman walks along a road. Social theories, or concepts, [ 159 ] propose explanations for the distinctive relationships between old people and their societies. One theory, proposed in 1961, is the disengagement theory , which proposes that, in old age, a mutual disengagement between people and their society ...
According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, the older population—persons 65 years or older—numbered 39.6 million in 2009. [31] They represented 12.9% of the U.S. population, about one in every eight Americans. [31] By 2030, there will be about 72.1 million older persons, more than twice their number in 2000. [31]
[2] [49] [26] [1] [3] [50] [51] It adversely affects physical and mental functioning, and causes changes in body composition and body cell mass. [ 52 ] [ 53 ] Undernutrition is a major health problem, causing the highest mortality rate in children, particularly in those under 5 years, and is responsible for long-lasting physiologic effects. [ 54 ]
Transplant rejection occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue. Transplant rejection can be lessened by determining the molecular similitude between donor and recipient and by use of immunosuppressant drugs after transplant. [1]
Between 1% and 15% of people globally are affected by renal calculi at some point in their lives. [8] [11] In 2015, 22.1 million cases occurred, [5] resulting in about 16,100 deaths. [6] They have become more common in the Western world since the 1970s. [8] [12] Generally, more men are affected than women.