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Delusions are "abnormal beliefs" and may be bizarre (considered impossible to be true), or non-bizarre (possible, but considered by the clinician as highly improbable). Beliefs about being poisoned, being followed, marital infidelity or a conspiracy in the workplace are examples of non-bizarre beliefs that may be considered delusions. [3]
Delusional disorder, traditionally synonymous with paranoia, is a mental illness in which a person has delusions, but with no accompanying prominent hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening of affect. [6] [7] Delusions are a specific symptom of psychosis.
In rare instances, it can include delusions of immortality. [9] Syndrome of delusional companions is the belief that objects (such as soft toys) are sentient beings. [10] Clonal pluralization of the self, where a person believes there are multiple copies of themselves, identical both physically and psychologically, but physically separate and ...
A delusion [a] is a false fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. [2] As a pathology, it is distinct from a belief based on false or incomplete information, confabulation, dogma, illusion, hallucination, or some other misleading effects of perception, as individuals with those beliefs are able to change or readjust their beliefs upon reviewing the evidence.
Persecutory delusions are persistent, distressing beliefs that one is being or will be harmed, that continue even when evidence of the contrary is presented. This condition is often seen in disorders like schizophrenia , schizoaffective disorder , delusional disorder , manic episodes of bipolar disorder , psychotic depression , and some ...
The first factor being the anomalous experience—often a neurological defect—which leads to the delusion, and the second factor being an impairment of the belief formation cognitive process. As an example of one of these first factors, several studies point toward Capgras delusion being the result of a disorder of the affect component of ...
Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
Expansive delusions may be maintained by auditory hallucinations, which advise the patient that they are significant, or confabulations, when, for example, the patient gives a thorough description of their coronation or marriage to the king. Grandiose and expansive delusions may also be part of fantastic hallucinosis in which all forms of ...