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James Parkinson FGS (11 April 1755 – 21 December 1824) [1] was an English surgeon, apothecary, geologist, palaeontologist and political activist. He is best known for his 1817 work An Essay on the Shaking Palsy, [2] in which he was the first to describe "paralysis agitans", a condition that would later be renamed Parkinson's disease by Jean-Martin Charcot.
A 1893 photograph of Jean-Martin Charcot made contributions to the understanding of PD and proposed its name honoring James Parkinson An individual with (advanced) Parkinson's disease, drawings by William Richard Gowers , published in 1886 [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
All materials from "Iconographie photographique de la Salpêtrière" (Jean Martin Charcot, 1878) Charcot's primary focus was neurology. He named and was the first to describe multiple sclerosis. [2] [13] Summarizing previous reports and adding his own clinical and pathological observations, Charcot called the disease sclérose en plaques.
In 1877, Jean-Martin Charcot (left) named the disease for James Parkinson, credited as the first to comprehensively describe it. Patient Pierre D. (right) served as the model for William Gowers' widely distributed illustration of Parkinson's disease. [243]
Example of writing by a patient with Parkinson's disease, possibly showing micrographia in addition to other abnormal characteristics. published by Jean-Martin Charcot in 1879: Text accompanying image stated, "The strokes forming the letters are very irregular and sinuous, whilst the irregularities and sinuosities are of a very limited width ...
In his discussion of paralysis agitans, Charcot drew attention to the 1817 description by James Parkinson, and suggested it be renamed Parkinson's disease. In 1882, with Charcot's encouragement, Albert Londe created a photographic department in the Salpêtriėre, producing, in collaboration with Georges Gilles de la Tourette, the Nouvelle ...
Machado–Joseph Azorean disease (a.k.a. Machado–Joseph disease, Machado disease, Joseph disease) – named for William Machado and Antone Joseph, patriarchs of families in which it was first identified; Marie–Foix–Alajouanine syndrome – Pierre Marie, Charles Foix, Théophile Alajouanine; Maladie de Charcot – Jean-Martin Charcot
Jean-Martin Charcot argued that, what would be later called FND, was caused by "a hereditary degeneration of the nervous system, namely a neurological disorder". [37] In the 18th century, the illness was confirmed as a neurological disorder but a small number of doctors still believed in the previous definition. [37]