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The intercept theorem, also known as Thales's theorem, basic proportionality theorem or side splitter theorem, is an important theorem in elementary geometry about the ratios of various line segments that are created if two rays with a common starting point are intercepted by a pair of parallels.
The variable y is directly proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant ~0.6. The variable y is inversely proportional to the variable x with proportionality constant 1. In mathematics , two sequences of numbers, often experimental data , are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ...
Noether's theorem (Lie groups, calculus of variations, differential invariants, physics) Noether's second theorem (calculus of variations, physics) Noether's theorem on rationality for surfaces (algebraic surfaces) Non-squeezing theorem (symplectic geometry) Norton's theorem (electrical networks) Novikov's compact leaf theorem
However, proportionality of corresponding sides is not by itself sufficient to prove similarity for polygons beyond triangles (otherwise, for example, all rhombi would be similar). Likewise, equality of all angles in sequence is not sufficient to guarantee similarity (otherwise all rectangles would be similar). A sufficient condition for ...
The above algorithms become much simpler if one of the angles of a triangle (for example, the angle C) is the right angle. Such a spherical triangle is fully defined by its two elements, and the other three can be calculated using Napier's Pentagon or the following relations.
Littlewood's three principles are quoted in several real analysis texts, for example Royden, [2] Bressoud, [3] and Stein & Shakarchi. [4] Royden [5] gives the bounded convergence theorem as an application of the third principle. The theorem states that if a uniformly bounded sequence of functions converges pointwise, then their integrals on a ...
Pacioli's work likewise teaches through examples, but it also develops arguments for the validity of its solutions through reference to general principles, axioms and logical proof. In this way the Summa begins to reintegrate the logical methods of classical Greek geometry into the medieval discipline of algebra.
The pons asinorum in Oliver Byrne's edition of the Elements [1]. In geometry, the theorem that the angles opposite the equal sides of an isosceles triangle are themselves equal is known as the pons asinorum (/ ˈ p ɒ n z ˌ æ s ɪ ˈ n ɔːr ə m / PONZ ass-ih-NOR-əm), Latin for "bridge of asses", or more descriptively as the isosceles triangle theorem.