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Nicholas II (right) depicted in a fresco in the Basilica of San Clemente al Laterano in Rome c. 12th century. Pope Nicholas II (Latin: Nicholaus II; c. 990/995 – 27 July 1061), otherwise known as Gerard of Burgundy, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 January 1059 until his death in 27 July 1061.
Synod of Rome (745) held under the authority of Pope Zachary; Synod of Rome (898) Multiple councils held by John the XI to rectify the wrongs of the Cadaver Synod; Synod of Rome (963), a possibly uncanonical synod held in St. Peter's Basilica under the authority of the Holy Roman Emperor to depose Pope John XII; Synod of Rome (964), a synod ...
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Nicholas was consecrated pope on 24 January 1059 [3] with wide acceptance of the Roman people. [note 3] Keen to avoid future controversy in papal elections and to curb the outside influence exerted by non-ecclesiastical parties, in April 1059 he summoned a synod in Rome. [6] In nomine Domini was the codification of the synod's resolutions. [8]
At Hildebrand's invitation, the cardinals met in December, 1058, at Siena and elected Gerhard who assumed the name of Nicholas II. On his way to Rome the new pope held at Sutri a well-attended synod at which, in the presence of Duke Godfrey and the imperial chancellor, Guibert of Parma, he pronounced deposition against Benedict X." [89]
The right of the laity to reject the person elected was abolished by a synod held in the Lateran in 769, but restored to Roman noblemen by Pope Nicholas I during a synod of Rome in 862. [15] The pope was also subjected to oaths of loyalty to the Holy Roman Emperor , who had the duty of providing security and public peace in Rome. [ 16 ]
The Lateran councils were ecclesiastical councils or synods of the Catholic Church held at Rome in the Lateran Palace next to the Lateran Basilica.Ranking as a papal cathedral, this became a much-favored place of assembly for ecclesiastical councils both in antiquity (313, 487) and more especially during the Middle Ages.
Jerome mentioned the synod twice, but only in passing. [3]The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church states: [1]. A council probably held at Rome in 382 under St. Damasus gave a complete list of the canonical books of both the Old Testament and the New Testament (also known as the 'Gelasian Decree' because it was reproduced by Gelasius in 495), which is identical with the list given at Trent.