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Examples of frenulo-retinacular wing coupling in male and female moths Other groups of moth have a frenulum on the hindwing that hooks under a retinaculum on the forewing. [ 4 ] The retinaculum is a hook or tuft on the underside of the forewing of some moths .
The Lepidoptera have developed a wide variety of morphological wing-coupling mechanisms in the imago which render these taxa "functionally dipterous" (two winged). [33] All but the most basal forms exhibit this wing coupling. [34] There are three different types of mechanisms – jugal, frenulo–retinacular, and amplexiform. [35]
The third and rather small butterfly superfamily is the moth-butterflies (Hedyloidea), which are restricted to the Neotropics, but recent phylogenetic analyses suggest the traditional Papilionoidea are paraphyletic, thus the subfamilies should be reorganized to reflect true cladistic relationships. [3] [4] Grass Skipper Butterfly atalopedes ...
Many moths have a frenulum which is a filament arising from the hindwing and coupling (matching up) with barbs on the forewing. The frenulum can be observed only when a specimen is in hand. There is only one known species of butterfly with a frenulum, which is the male regent skipper Euschemon rafflesia. [5]
The terms are directly from Latin, in which hamus means "hook".The plural is hami.. Hamulus is the diminutive – hooklet or little hook. The plural is hamuli.. Adjectives are hamate and hamulate, as in "a hamulate wing-coupling", in which the wings of certain insects in flight are joined by hooking hamuli on one wing into folds on a matching wing.
Optical classification of microstructure in butterfly wing-scales. Photonics Science News, 6, 66–66. Nagypal, Tony. The World of Birdwing Butterflies Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine. Haugum, Jan. (1981). Notes on the Aristolochia of the Papuan Region, with particular reference to the larval foodplants of the Ornithoptera. Lep.
Wing-coupling – Row of hooks on the leading edge of hindwing engage the hind margin of the forewing, strongly couple the wings in flight. Line of wing folding – Some species, including Vespidae, the forewing are longitudinally folded along the 'line of wing folding' at rest. Pterostigma – is present for some species.
Myscelia ethusa, the Mexican bluewing or blue wing, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The species was first described by Louis Michel François Doyère in 1840. It is found from Colombia north through Central America to Mexico. Strays can be found up to the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the United States.