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The most common types of indoor antennas are the dipole [2] ("rabbit ears"), which work best for VHF channels, and loop antennas, which work best for UHF. [3] Outdoor antennas on the other hand are designed to be mounted on a mast on top of the owner's house, [4] or in a loft or attic where the dry conditions and increased elevation are ...
Television broadcast stations are located and assigned to channels so that such events are rare. Readjustment of the receiving antenna may allow more of the distant signal to be rejected, improving image quality. A local signal may travel by more than one path from the transmitter to receiving antenna.
This article provides a summary description of many of the different antenna types used for radio receiving or transmitting systems. Different types of antennas are made with properties especially optimized for particular uses, and the electrical design of antennas serves as a way to group them:
Many times smaller antennas and receivers such as those in vehicles will receive stations farther than normal depending on how favourable conditions are. While only a limited number of local stations can normally be received at satisfactory signal strengths in any given area, tuning into other channels may reveal weaker signals from adjacent areas.
These two separate channels can be received by vertical and horizontal feed antennas at the receiving station. For satellite communications, orthogonal circular polarization is often used instead, (i.e. right- and left-handed), as the sense of circular polarization is not changed by the relative orientation of the antenna in space.
With the widespread adoption of cable across the United States in the 1970s and 1980s, viewing of terrestrial television broadcasts has been in decline; in 2018, it was estimated that about 14% of US households used an antenna. [3] [4] However, in certain other regions terrestrial television continue to be the preferred method of receiving ...
Mobile phone towers also often take advantage of diversity - each face (sector) of a tower will often have two antennas; one is transmitting and receiving, while the other is a receive only antenna. Two receivers are used to perform diversity reception. Cell antennas on an electricity pylon showing two antennas per sector
The effective area of an antenna or aperture is based upon a receiving antenna. However, due to reciprocity , an antenna's directivity in receiving and transmitting are identical, so the power transmitted by an antenna in different directions (the radiation pattern ) is also proportional to the effective area A e {\displaystyle A_{e}} .