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The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose. It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect . [ 1 ]
The risk of perhexiline toxicity is reduced by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). [12] The simplest way to rectify the problem of perhexiline toxicity is to stop administering the drug and allowing the plasma concentration to fall; [9] once the concentration has reached the desired level resume the treatment at a lower dose. Most PMs should ...
The first version of DrugBank was released in 2006. [1] This early release contained relatively modest information about 841 FDA-approved small molecule drugs and 113 biotech drugs. It also included information on 2133 drug targets. The second version of DrugBank was released in 2009. [2]
Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index. Its therapeutic range for both anticonvulsant and antiarrhythmic effect is 10–20 μg/mL. Avoid giving intramuscular formulation unless necessary due to skin cell death and local tissue destruction. Elderly patients may show earlier signs of toxicity.
A wide therapeutic index drug, in general, is going to be much less dangerous for self-administration (because of a lower risk of side effects in the low doses) compared to a narrow therpeutic index drug. That's just how I saw it, I may not be right in assuming that.
TCAs, particularly nortriptyline, have a relatively narrow therapeutic index, which increase the chance of an overdose (both accidental and intentional). Symptoms of overdose include: irregular heartbeat , seizures , coma , confusion , hallucination , widened pupils, drowsiness , agitation , fever , low body temperature , stiff muscles and ...
When a drug has a narrow therapeutic index, titration is especially important, because the range between the dose at which a drug is effective and the dose at which side effects occur is small. [2] Some examples of the types of drugs commonly requiring titration include insulin, anticonvulsants, blood thinners, anti-depressants, and sedatives.
Hydroxychloroquine has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning there is little difference between toxic and therapeutic doses. [18] The most common adverse effects are nausea, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. Other common adverse effects include itching and headache. [11]