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Ad fontes is a Latin expression which means "[back] to the sources" (lit. "to the sources"). [1] The phrase epitomizes the renewed study of Greek and Latin classics in Renaissance humanism, [2] subsequently extended to Biblical texts. The idea in both cases was that sound knowledge depends on the earliest and most fundamental sources.
Expository writing is a type of writing where the purpose is to explain or inform the audience about a topic. [13] It is considered one of the four most common rhetorical modes. [14] The purpose of expository writing is to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion.
Argumentum ad baculum – settling a question by appealing to force. Ars dictaminis – the art of writing letters, introduced and taught during the Medieval rhetorical era. Assonance – words that repeat the same vowel sound. Asyndeton – the deliberate omission of conjunctions that would normally be used.
the refutation of possible opposing arguments, or confutatio. If the rhetor anticipates that certain people in his audience may disagree with his speech, he must be prepared to refute the argument that could possibly be presented in opposition to his original speech. the conclusion, or peroratio. Cicero taught that a rhetor can do three things ...
In English, for example, the interrogative is supposed to indicate that the utterance is (intended as) a question; the directive indicates that the utterance is (intended as) a directive illocutionary act (an order, a request, etc.); the words "I promise" are supposed to indicate that the utterance is (intended as) a promise.
For example, if a presidential candidate has a long history of philanthropy, he or she will invent an argument that demonstrates personal good character in order to convince the audience that he or she is the best candidate for office. Pathos represents an appeal to the audience's emotions. [10]
In linguistics, an argument is an expression that helps complete the meaning of a predicate, [1] the latter referring in this context to a main verb and its auxiliaries. In this regard, the complement is a closely related concept. Most predicates take one, two, or three arguments. A predicate and its arguments form a predicate-argument structure.
The ad captandum approach is commonly seen in political speech, advertising, and popular entertainment. [3] The classic example of something ad captandum vulgus was the " bread and circuses " by which the Roman emperors maintained the support of the people of Rome.