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Indians traveled to Alcatraz about 10,000 years before the Europeans even entered the Bay Area. Over the course of their history, the island served the purpose of a camping ground, was used as a place to hunt for food, and at one point became an isolated and remote place where law violators were held.
With young, college aged students at the center of many Red Power movement protests, the pursuit of higher education, particularly for American Indians became a main initiative. In 1970, while the Alcatraz occupation was still occurring, a group of Indian youth took over US military surplus land near Davis, California.
Adam Fortunate Eagle L.H.D. (born Adam Nordwall), hereditary member of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, is a Native American activist and was the principal organizer of the 1969–1971 Occupation of Alcatraz by "Indians of All Tribes".
In 1969, a number of Native American members of the Alcatraz-Red Power Movement group Indians of All Tribes (IAT) occupied the island of Alcatraz, under the terms of the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie that allocated surplus government land to Native Americans. The occupation lasted for 19 months, from November 20, 1969, to June 11, 1971.
The 1962 escape from Alcatraz by three prisoners immediately became the stuff of legend – and quickly film – that has never been fully explained. A new book about brothers John and Clarence ...
Richard Oakes (May 22, 1942 – September 20, 1972) [1] was a Mohawk American Indian activist and academic. He spurred American Indian studies in university curricula and is credited for helping to change US federal government termination policies of American Indian peoples and culture.
In August 1862, tensions rose over Native Americans when desperate Dakota Indians attacked white settlements along the Minnesota River. More than 500 white settlers lost their lives along with 150 ...
In Kevin Costner’s first installment of his four-part epic Horizon: An American Saga, bands of settlers head west in search of a so-called promised land, where they can park their wagons and set ...