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2. Aid climbing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aid_climbing

   Aid climbing is a form of rock climbing that uses mechanical devices and equipment, such as aiders (or ladders), for upward momentum. [1] Aid climbing is contrasted with free climbing (in both its traditional or sport free climbing formats), which only uses mechanical equipment for protection, but not to assist in upward momentum.

3. Rock-climbing equipment - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment

   Copperheads are only used in aid climbing but their low strength means that they can only handle the "static bodyweight" of an ascending aid climber and will likely fail if the climber makes a dynamic fall. At times, climbers will "clean out" build-ups of copperheads on an aid climbing route. [6] [35]

4. Free climbing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_climbing

   The free climbing movement was an important development in the history of rock climbing. [3] In 1911, Austrian climber Paul Preuss started what became known as the Mauerhakenstreit (or "piton dispute"), by advocating for a transition to "free climbing" via a series of essays and articles in the German Alpine Journal where he defined "artificial aid" and proposed 6 rules of free climbing ...

5. Rock climbing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_climbing

   In 1911, Austrian climber Paul Preuss started what became known as the Mauerhakenstreit (or "piton dispute"), by advocating for a transition to "free climbing" via a series of essays and articles in the German Alpine Journal where he defined "artificial aid" and proposed 6 rules of free climbing including the important rule 4: "The piton is an ...

6. Bicycle chain - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_chain

   Bicycle chains Roller chain and sprocket. A bicycle chain is a roller chain that transfers power from the pedals to the drive-wheel of a bicycle, thus propelling it.Most bicycle chains are made from plain carbon or alloy steel, but some are nickel-plated to prevent rust, or simply for aesthetics.

7. Anchor (climbing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_(climbing)

   The force on an anchor may be much greater than the weight of the climber. There are various mechanisms that contribute to excess force, including Direction of pull, or vector pulling; Fall factor (if a fall occurs) Stiffness (reduced elasticity) of the climbing rope and anchor materials; improper slippage through the belay device