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Errors in retrospective exposure assessment could not be ruled out in the finding at low levels. Other studies into the effects of domestic radon exposure have not reported a hormetic effect; including for example the respected "Iowa Radon Lung Cancer Study" of Field et al. (2000), which also used sophisticated radon exposure dosimetry. [77]
It is possible to test for radon in buildings, and to use techniques such as sub-slab depressurization for mitigation. [10] [11] Epidemiological studies have shown a clear association between breathing high concentrations of radon and incidence of lung cancer. [12] Radon is a contaminant that affects indoor air quality worldwide.
Residential exposure to radon gas has similar cancer risks as passive smoking. [6] Radiation is a more potent source of cancer when it is combined with other cancer-causing agents, such as radon gas exposure plus smoking tobacco. [6]
Cancer cases are shifting from men to women in the U.S., ... better treatment options and decreases in smoking. ... such as radon and air pollution. Radon — a radioactive gas found in some homes ...
It was also used in medicine to produce radon gas which in turn was used as a brachytheraputic cancer treatment. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Radium-223 dichloride ( USP , radium chloride Ra 223), tradename Xofigo (formerly Alpharadin), is an alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical .
The main indication of treatment is the therapy of bony metastases from castration-resistant prostate cancer. [80] 225 Ra has also been used in experiments concerning therapeutic irradiation, as it is the only reasonably long-lived radium isotope which does not have radon as one of its daughters. [81]
Radium was also formerly used as a radiation source for cancer treatment, but has since been replaced in this role by safer and more easily available alternatives. Until the 1960s, radium was used in luminous paint for watch dials and aircraft instruments. [4]
The Cancer Commission was founded in 1901 and hired Duane to investigate the usage of radium emanations in the treatment of cancer. [92] In 1915 he built Boston's first "radium cow" and thousands of patients were treated with the radon-222 generated from it. [93] Interstitial radium therapy was common in the 1930s. [1]: