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  2. Froth flotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froth_flotation

    For froth flotation, an aqueous slurry of the ground ore is treated with the frothing agent. An example is sodium ethyl xanthate as a collector in the flotation of galena (lead sulfide) to separate it from sphalerite (zinc sulfide). The polar part of xanthate anion attaches to the ore particles and the non-polar hydrocarbon part forms a ...

  3. Physical chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry

    The fact that how fast reactions occur can often be specified with just a few concentrations and a temperature, instead of needing to know all the positions and speeds of every molecule in a mixture, is a special case of another key concept in physical chemistry, which is that to the extent an engineer needs to know, everything going on in a ...

  4. Deposition (phase transition) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposition_(phase_transition)

    One example of deposition is the process by which, in sub-freezing air, water vapour changes directly to ice without first becoming a liquid. This is how frost and hoar frost form on the ground or other surfaces. Another example is when frost forms on a leaf. For deposition to occur, thermal energy must be removed from a gas.

  5. Melting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting

    From a thermodynamics point of view, at the melting point the change in Gibbs free energy ∆G of the substances is zero, but there are non-zero changes in the enthalpy (H) and the entropy (S), known respectively as the enthalpy of fusion (or latent heat of fusion) and the entropy of fusion.

  6. Dispersion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(chemistry)

    Oxide dispersion-strengthened alloy (ODS) is an example of oxide particle dispersion into a metal medium, which improves the high temperature tolerance of the material. Therefore these alloys have several applications in the nuclear energy industry, where materials must withstand extremely high temperatures to maintain operation.

  7. Steam distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_distillation

    [2] for example, to extract limonene (boiling point 176 °C) from orange peels. Steam distillation once was a popular laboratory method for purification of organic compounds, but it has been replaced in many such uses by vacuum distillation and supercritical fluid extraction. It is however much simpler and economical than those alternatives ...

  8. Huh? What surfers mean when they're frothing and ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/huh-surfers-talking-theyre...

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  9. Microfoam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfoam

    An example of properly steamed milk, considered ideal to pour latte art The basic requirements for formation of foam are an abundance of gas, water, a surfactant, and energy. [ citation needed ] The steam wand of an espresso machine supplies energy, in the form of heat, and gas, in the form of steam.