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MRI is the most sensitive and specific method for adrenal hemorrhage diagnosis. [18] On MRI, haemorrhages could appear as different signals in the acute, subacute and chronic stages, which facilitates the surveillance of adrenal hemorrhage aging.
Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) is defined as adrenal gland failure due to hemorrhages in the adrenal glands, commonly caused by sepsis. Typically, the bacteria responsible for triggering the bleeding is Neisseria meningitidis. [1] The bacterial infection leads to massive bleeding into one or both adrenal glands. [2]
It is recommended that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the pituitary gland is performed if the diagnosis is suspected; this has a sensitivity of over 90% for detecting pituitary apoplexy; it may demonstrate infarction (tissue damage due to a decreased blood supply) or hemorrhage. [1] Different MRI sequences can be used to establish ...
Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), originally called BOLD venographic imaging, is an MRI sequence that is exquisitely sensitive to venous blood, hemorrhage and iron storage. SWI uses a fully flow compensated, long echo, gradient recalled echo (GRE) pulse sequence to acquire images.
For instance, bleeding within the pituitary gland is termed "pituitary apoplexy", and bleeding within the adrenal glands is referred to as "adrenal apoplexy". [9] Apoplexy also includes hemorrhaging within the gland and accompanying neurological problems, such as confusion, headache, and impairment of consciousness. [10]
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
Adrenal insufficiency is a ... e.g. hemorrhage from sepsis, adrenal vein ... For secondary and tertiary adrenal insufficiency, an MRI of the brain can be ...
T2*-weighted imaging of the brain 26 weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage, showing hemosiderin deposits as hypointense areas. [1] T 2 *-weighted imaging is an MRI sequence to quantify observable or effective T 2 (T2* or "T2-star"). In this sequence, hemorrhages and hemosiderin deposits become hypointense. [2]