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Africa's Cities: Opening Doors to the World. World Bank Group. hdl:10986/25896. ISBN 978-1-4648-1044-2. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (2017), Economic Report on Africa 2017: Urbanization and Industrialization for Africa's Transformation, Addis Ababa, ISBN 978-92-1-125127-2 {}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher
The population within the region is experiencing rapid growth, and nearly 50 million people are expected to live within the corridor by 2035. According to projections, by the end of the 21st century, the region could become the largest urban region with continuous settlement in the world, then with up to half a billion inhabitants. [3]
In West Africa, the trans-Saharan trade routes connected the rich gold-producing regions around the Niger River with North Africa and the Mediterranean. This connection allowed West African empires like Ghana , Mali , and Songhai to flourish as they traded gold, salt, ivory, and slaves for goods from the Mediterranean world , such as textiles ...
Sound urban planning, it was argued, would provide the light and air necessary to reduce the risk or even prevent these illnesses. [10] Thus, intra-urban racial segregation was planned into all European colonies in Africa, with the areas for colonists usually the greenest, lushest, and most desirable areas.
Previously, trade with Sub-Saharan Africa could only be conducted through North African middlemen. Now Europeans could trade directly with the Africans themselves. This valuable trade lead to rapid change in West Africa. The region had long been agriculturally productive and, especially in western Nigeria, densely populated.
Trade can be a key factor in economic development.The prudent use of trade can boost a country's development and create absolute gains for the trading partners involved. . Trade has been touted as an important tool in the path to development by prominent econom
China and India are increasingly important trade partners; 12.5% of Africa's exports are to China, and 4% are to India, which accounts for 5% of China's imports and 8% of India's. The Group of Five (Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, and the United Arab Emirates) are another increasingly important market for Africa's exports. [74]
The eastern trans-Saharan route led to the development of the long-lived Kanem–Bornu Empire as well as the Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires, centred on the Lake Chad area. This trade route was somewhat less efficient and only rose to great prominence when there was turmoil in the west such as during the Almohad conquests.