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  2. Soil organic matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_organic_matter

    Fulvic acid is the genus that contains the matter that has the lowest molecular weight, is soluble in acids and alkalis, and is susceptible to microbial action. Humic acid is the genus that contains the intermediate matter that has medial molecular weight, is soluble in alkalis and insoluble in acids, and has some resistance to microbial action.

  3. Humic substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humic_substance

    "Humic substances" is an umbrella term covering humic acid, fulvic acid and humin, which differ in solubility. By definition, humic acid (HA) is soluble in water at neutral and alkaline pH, but insoluble at acidic pH < 2. Fulvic acid (FA) is soluble in water at any pH. Humin is not soluble in water at any pH.

  4. Polyphenol oxidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenol_oxidase

    Polyphenol oxidase is an enzyme found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms, [31] including most fruits and vegetables. [32] PPO has importance to the food industry because it catalyzes enzymatic browning when tissue is damaged from bruising, compression or indentations, making the produce less marketable and causing economic loss.

  5. Potassium humate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_humate

    Potassium humate is used in agriculture as a fertilizer additive to increase the efficiency of fertilizers especially nitrogen- and phosphorus-based fertilizer inputs. Other salts of humic acid are manufactured, mainly sodium humate, which is used in animal health supplements. It also can be used in aquaculture.

  6. Naturally occurring phenols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_occurring_phenols

    Larvae of the model animal Galleria mellonella, also called waxworms, can be used to test the antioxidant effect of individual molecules using boric acid in food to induce an oxidative stress. [39] The content of malondialdehyde , an oxidative stress indicator, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase , catalase ...

  7. Humin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humin

    Soil consists of both mineral (inorganic) and organic components. The organic components can be subdivided into fractions that are soluble, largely humic acids, and insoluble, the humins. Humins make up about 50% of the organic matter in soil. [1]

  8. Humus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humus

    The composition of humus varies with that of primary (plant) materials and secondary microbial and animal products. The decomposition rate of the different compounds will affect the composition of the humus. [13] It is difficult to define humus precisely because it is a very complex substance which is still not fully understood.

  9. Fungal extracellular enzyme activity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal_extracellular...

    Plant cell showing primary and secondary wall by CarolineDahl Most of the extracellular enzymes involved in polymer degradation in leaf litter and soil have been ascribed to fungi. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] [ 27 ] By adapting their metabolism to the availability of varying amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the environment, fungi produce a mixture of ...