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Nullification is usually considered to be an act by a state finding a federal law unconstitutional, and declaring it void and unenforceable in that state. A nullification act often makes it illegal to enforce the federal law in question. Nullification arguably may be undertaken by a single state. [74]
The term void ab initio, which means "to be treated as invalid from the outset", comes from adding the Latin phrase ab initio (from the beginning) as a qualifier. For example, in many jurisdictions where a person signs a contract under duress, that contract is treated as being void ab initio. The frequent combination "null and void" is a legal ...
Besides impediments, marriage consent can be rendered null due to invalidating factors such as simulation or deceit, or due to psychological incapacity. For this reason (amongst others) the Church, after an examination of the situation by the competent ecclesiastical tribunal, can declare the nullity of a marriage, i.e., that the marriage never ...
Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void. [1] Unlike divorce, it is usually retroactive, meaning that an annulled marriage is considered to be invalid from the beginning almost as if it had never taken place.
A protest vote (also called a blank, null, spoiled, or "none of the above" vote) [1] is a vote cast in an election to demonstrate dissatisfaction with the choice of candidates or the current political system. [2] Protest voting takes a variety of forms and reflects numerous voter motivations, including political apathy. [3]
A contract can also be void due to the impossibility of its performance. For instance, if a contract is formed between two parties A & B but during the performance of the contract the object of the contract becomes impossible to achieve (due to action by someone or something other than the contracting parties), then the contract cannot be ...
In voting, a ballot is considered spoilt (chiefly British), spoiled (chiefly American), void, null, informal, invalid or stray if a law declares or an election authority determines that it is invalid and thus not included in the vote count. This may occur accidentally or deliberately.
For example, the Japan–Korea treaties of 1905, 1907, and 1910 were protested by several governments as having been essentially forced upon Korea by Japan; [36] they were confirmed as "already null and void" in the 1965 Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea. [37]