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Reception for the book has been positive. [5] The Quarterly Review of Biology gave a positive review for the text in 1997 and 2005, [6] with the reviewer in 2005 calling it "an excellent textbook" and praising the website associated with the book. [7] BioScience also gave praise for the book, commenting upon its layout and approach. [8]
The hydrophobic effect is the desire for non-polar molecules to aggregate in aqueous solutions in order to separate from water. [22] This phenomenon leads to minimum exposed surface area of non-polar molecules to the polar water molecules (typically spherical droplets), and is commonly used in biochemistry to study protein folding and other ...
Molecular binding is an attractive interaction between two molecules that results in a stable association in which the molecules are in close proximity to each other. It is formed when atoms or molecules bind together by sharing of electrons.
Each layer forms by positioning their lypophilic chains to the same side of the layer. The two layers then stack such that their lyphphilic chains touch on the inside and their polar groups are outside facing the surrounding aqueous media. Thus the inside of the bilayer sheet is a non-polar region sandwiched between the two polar sheets. [2]
Silicon is in the same group as carbon on the periodic table and, like carbon, it is tetravalent. Hypothetical alternatives to water include ammonia, which, like water, is a polar molecule, and cosmically abundant; and non-polar hydrocarbon solvents such as methane and ethane, which are known to exist in liquid form on the surface of Titan.
Binding occurs by intermolecular forces, such as ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces. The association or docking is actually reversible through dissociation. Measurably irreversible covalent bonding between a ligand and target molecule is atypical in biological systems.
Co-solvents (in water solvent) are defined as kosmotropic (order-making) if they contribute to the stability and structure of water-water interactions. In contrast, chaotropic (disorder-making) agents have the opposite effect, disrupting water structure, increasing the solubility of nonpolar solvent particles, and destabilizing solute aggregates. [1]
The iron–molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenases contains an Fe 6 C unit and is an example of an interstitial carbide found in biology. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The first example of a naturally-occurring arylmetal species, a pincer complex containing a nickel –aryl bond, has been reported to form the active site of lactate racemase .