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Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene [4] or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl .
In enzymology, a biphenyl synthase (EC 2.3.1.177) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: . 3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO 2. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and benzoyl-CoA, whereas its three products are CoA, 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl, and CO 2.
The industrial synthesis of 4,4′-biphenol was developed by Allan Hay in the 1960s. [2] [3] As the direct oxidative coupling of phenol gives a mixture of isomers, [4] [5] 4,4′-biphenol is instead prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, where para-coupling is the only possibility. [3]
The bisphenols (/ ˈ b ɪ s f ɪ n ɒ l /) are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the creation of plastics and epoxy resins. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Most are based on two hydroxyphenyl functional groups linked by a methylene bridge .
4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl is a commonly used nematic liquid crystal with the chemical formula C 18 H 19 N. It frequently goes by the common name 5CB. 5CB was first synthesized by George William Gray, Ken Harrison, and J.A. Nash at the University of Hull in 1972 and at the time it was the first member of the cyanobiphenyls.
3 Synthesis and applications. 4 Safety ... refers to a class of organic compounds consisting of a biphenyl structure with two hydroxyl groups attached. The most ...
In one preparation for this compound, benzil is condensed with hydrazine to give the bis(), which is oxidized with mercury(II) oxide. [2] Alternatively stilbene is brominated, and the resulting dibromodiphenylethane is subjected to dehydrohalogenation. [3]
This is then diazotized, then reacted with ethanol to replace the diazonium group with hydrogen, forming 1,3,5-tribromobenzene. [3] It has also been prepared by these methods: [3] replacement of the amino group of 3,5-dibromoaniline with bromine; the action of light on bromoacetylene, effecting an alkyne trimerisation to 1,3,5-tribromobenzene