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Messier 81 is the largest galaxy in the M81 Group, a group of 34 in the constellation Ursa Major. [28] At approximately 11.7 Mly (3.6 Mpc ) from the Earth, it makes this group and the Local Group , containing the Milky Way , [ 28 ] relative neighbors in the Virgo Supercluster .
Messier 81, Messier 82, and NGC 3077 are all strongly interacting with each other. [5] Observations of the 21-centimeter hydrogen line indicate how the galaxies are connected. [ 6 ] The gravitational interactions have stripped some hydrogen gas away from all three galaxies, leading to the formation of filamentary gas structures within the group ...
Galaxy Type Distance from Earth Magnitude Group Membership Notes Diameter (ly) Millions of light-years Mpc M m - Milky Way: SBbc 0.0265 (to the galactic center) [2] 0.008 [2] −20.8 [1] n/a Local Group: Home galaxy of Earth. Barred spiral galaxy. 87,400 ly 1 Ursa Major III: 0.033 0.010 [3] +2.2 [3] 18.87 [3] [NB 1] Local Group: Satellite of ...
M82 X-2 is an X-ray pulsar located in the galaxy Messier 82, approximately 12 million light-years from Earth. [2] It is exceptionally luminous, radiating energy equivalent to approximately ten million Suns. This object is part of a binary system: If the pulsar is of an average size, 1.4 M ☉, then its companion is at least 5.2 M ☉. [3]
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The central supermassive black hole is calculated to have a mass of about 8.4 × 10 6 M ☉. [9] The interstellar medium of Messier 64 consists of two counter-rotating disks that are approximately equal in mass. [19] The inner disk contains the prominent dust lanes of the galaxy. The stellar population of the galaxy exhibits no measurable ...
Most massive galaxy ESO 146-5 ~30×10 12 M Sun: Central galaxy in Abell 3827, 1.4 Gly distant. [143] [144] Most dense galaxy M85-HCC1: This is an ultra-compact dwarf galaxy [145] Least dense galaxy Most massive spiral galaxy ISOHDFS 27: 1.04 × 10 12 M Sun: The preceding most massive spiral was UGC 12591 [146] Least massive galaxy with globular ...