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Therefore, Proposition 209 banned the use of race- and gender-based affirmative action in California's public sector and public university admissions. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The legislatively referred state constitutional amendment was originally introduced as California Assembly Constitutional Amendment No. 5 (ACA 5) by Democratic Assembly Members ...
Allows government institutions to consider race, sex, or ethnicity in areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education, effectively allowing affirmative action in the public sector. [4] 17: Passed Allows people who are on parole to vote and run for public office. [5] 18: Failed
A 2021 study in the Quarterly Journal of Economics found that the 1998 ban on race-based affirmative action in California public universities led to lower wages for minority applicants and deterred qualified students from applying, which it stated was inconsistent with the mismatch effect. [130]
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Newsom’s move comes on the heels of the Supreme Court’s 2023 ruling banning affirmative action, the law that mandated race considerations in college applications. Following the strike-down ...
More than two decades after affirmative action was banned in California, voters will decide whether to restore the practice with a ballot measure supporters say would bring greater access to ...
Modeled on the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the California Civil Rights Initiative was authored by two California academics, Glynn Custred and Tom Wood. It was the first electoral test of affirmative action policies in North America. It passed with 55% in favor to 45% opposed, thereby banning affirmative action in the state's public sector.
(Bloomberg Opinion) -- The racial, political and cultural backlash embodied by Donald Trump is now in retreat in much of the U.S. In California, the “nation-state” of the future, it is being ...