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The Soviet Union at the time did not want to help Vietnam as its relationship with China was improving, although at the time the Soviet navy was stationed in Cam Ranh Bay and the Soviets had a mutual defense treaty with Hanoi. The Soviet Union even refused Vietnam's proposal to send a water tanker for supplies. [14]: 94 [26] [27]
The China–Vietnam border is the international boundary between China and Vietnam, consisting of a 1,297 km (806 mi) terrestrial border stretching from the tripoint with Laos in the west to the Gulf of Tonkin coast in the east, and a maritime border in the Gulf of Tonkin and South China Sea. [1]
To put pressure on Vietnam to withdraw military forces from Cambodia, China had garrisoned several armies along the Sino–Vietnamese border. China also provided military training for some 5,000 anti-Laotian Hmong insurgents in Yunnan Province and used this force to sabotage the Muang Sing area in northwestern Laos near the Sino-Laotian border ...
The American War: Vietnam 1960-1975. London; Chicago: Bookmarks. ISBN 978-1-898876-67-0. O'Dowd, Edward C. (2007). Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War: The Last Maoist War. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-12267-7. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022; Willbanks, James H. (2009). Vietnam War almanac. Almanacs of ...
The battle was part of an attempt by the South Vietnamese navy to remove the Chinese navy from the area towards the end of the Vietnam War. Prior to the conflict, part of the Paracel Islands was controlled by China and another part was controlled by South Vietnam. The battle resulted in a victory for China over South Vietnam.
US Army map indicating War Zones C, D, and the Iron Triangle, circa 1965-1967. The Iron Triangle (Vietnamese:Tam Giác Sắt) was a 120 square miles (310 km 2) area in the Bình Dương Province of Vietnam, so named due to it being a stronghold of Viet Minh activity during the war.
China's supply of weapons and other military equipment to Vietnam sharply increased in 1965 compared with 1964. The amount of China's military supply fluctuated between 1965 and 1968, although the total value of material supplies remained at roughly the same level. The presence of Chinese soldiers in North Vietnam peaked in 1967, with 170,000.
China said its military and economic aid to North Vietnam totaled $20 billion ($160 billion adjusted for 2022 prices) during the Vietnam War; [7] included were 5 million tons of food to North Vietnam (equivalent to a year's food production), accounting for 10–15% of their food supply by the 1970s.