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The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is Java's original platform-dependent windowing, graphics, and user-interface widget toolkit, preceding Swing. The AWT is part of the Java Foundation Classes (JFC) — the standard API for providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for a Java program. AWT is also the GUI toolkit for a number of Java ME profiles.
In the Java virtual machine, internal type signatures are used to identify methods and classes at the level of the virtual machine code.. Example: The method String String. substring (int, int) is represented in bytecode as Ljava / lang / String. substring (II) Ljava / lang / String;.
When run as a graphical IDE, the Unicon program ui.exe continues to offer links to Icon help. The official Unicon programming book in PDF format [5] is a popular way to learn Unicon. The book includes an introduction to object-oriented development as well as UML. It includes useful chapters on topics such as the use of Unicon for CGI.
After various betas and release candidates numbered 1.1, on December 7, 2007, Groovy 1.1 Final was released and immediately renumbered as Groovy 1.5 to reflect the many changes made. In 2007, Groovy won the first prize at JAX 2007 innovation award. [10] In 2008, Grails, a Groovy web framework, won the second prize at JAX 2008 innovation award. [11]
Expressions in Icon may return a single value, for instance, 5 > x will evaluate and return x if the value of x is less than 5, otherwise it will fail and return no value. Icon also includes the concept of procedures that do not immediately return success or failure, and instead return new values every time they are called.
The use of interfaces to allow disparate teams to collaborate raises the question of how interface changes happen in interface-based programming. The problem is that if an interface is changed, e.g. by adding a new method, old code written to implement the interface will no longer compile – and in the case of dynamically loaded or linked plugins, will either fail to load or link, or crash at ...
In Java 14, record classes were added to fight with this issue. [4] [5] [6] To reduce the amount of boilerplate, many frameworks have been developed, e.g. Lombok for Java. [7] The same code as above is auto-generated by Lombok using Java annotations, which is a form of metaprogramming: