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Overweight cats have from 10 to 20% excess fat, and obese cats are 20 to 30% over their normal weight (2). Obesity is a serious issue and has terrible health implications. The major side effects ...
Oral hydrocodone has a mean equivalent daily dosage (MEDD) factor of 0.4, meaning that 1 mg of hydrocodone is equivalent to 0.4 mg of intravenous morphine. However, because of morphine's low oral bioavailability , there is a 1:1 correspondence between orally administered morphine and orally administered hydrocodone.
An equianalgesic chart is a conversion chart that lists equivalent doses of analgesics (drugs used to relieve pain). Equianalgesic charts are used for calculation of an equivalent dose (a dose which would offer an equal amount of analgesia) between different analgesics. [1]
Animal models are used to learn more about a disease, its diagnosis and its treatment, with animal models predicting human toxicity in up to 71% of cases. [1] The human equivalent dose (HED) or human equivalent concentration (HEC) is the quantity of a chemical that, when administered to humans, produces an effect equal to that produced in test animals by a smaller dose. [2]
Hydrocodone: Respiratory depression, extreme somnolence progressing towards coma, muscle limpness, cold and clammy skin, slow heart rate, low blood pressure, abrupt loss of heart function, and death may occur. [2] Paracetamol: Liver and kidney failure, low blood sugar, and coma may occur. [2]
Normally, cytokine production in and around the wounded area increases to fight infection and control healing (and, possibly, to control pain), but pre-incisional morphine administration (0.1 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg) reduced the number of cytokines found around the wound in a dose-dependent manner. The authors suggest that morphine administration ...
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Hydrocodone/aspirin is an oral combination drug formulation of the opioid analgesic hydrocodone and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) aspirin that is used in the treatment of chronic and acute pain.