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The Bulgars, at least the Danubian Bulgars, had a well-developed clan and military administrative system of "inner" and "outer" tribes, [112] governed by the ruling clan. [113] They had many titles, and according to Steven Runciman the distinction between titles which represented offices and mere ornamental dignities was somewhat vague. [ 114 ]
The early Bulgars were a warlike people and war was part of their everyday life, with every adult Bulgar obliged to fight. The early Bulgars were exclusively horsemen: in their culture, the horse was considered a sacred animal and received special care. The supreme commander was the khan, who mustered the army with the help of the aristocracy.
[188] [202] As Bulgaria's territory steadily expanded, measures against tribal autonomy were deemed necessary in order to achieve more effective control and to prevent separatism. [203] When in the 820s some Slavic tribes in western Bulgaria, the Timochani, Branichevtsi and Abodriti sought overlordship from the Franks, Khan Omurtag replaced ...
After his accession, Telets led a well-trained and well-armed army against the Byzantine Empire and devastated the Empire's frontier zone, inviting the emperor to a contest of strength. Emperor Constantine V Kopronymos marched north on June 16, 763, while another army was carried by a fleet of 800 ships (each carrying infantry and 12 horsemen ...
The Sermesianoi or, alternatively, Keramisians were a group of 70,000 Bulgars, Pannonian Avars and Byzantine Christians from Syrmia. They fled in Byzantine region of Macedonia , following a successful revolt against the Avar Khaganate led by the Bulgar noble Kuber , around the year 680.
The Byzantines hatched a large-scale campaign against Bulgaria and also tried to persuade the Serbian Prince Petar Gojniković to attack the Bulgarians with Magyar support. [ 73 ] In 917, a particularly strong Byzantine army led by Leo Phokas the Elder , son of Nikephoros Phokas , invaded Bulgaria accompanied by the Byzantine navy under the ...
During 2024, we generated $18.8 million of cash from operating activities compared to 2023, where cash used was $42.8 million, representing an increase in cash flow from operating activities of ...
Seven slavic tribes during the foundation of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681. The Seven Slavic tribes (Bulgarian: Седемте славянски племена, romanized: Sedemte slavyanski plemena), or the Seven clans (Bulgarian: Седемте рода, romanized: Sedemte roda) were a union of Slavic tribes in the Danubian Plain, that was established around the middle of the 7th ...