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As early as 426 BC the Greek historian Thucydides inquired in his book History of the Peloponnesian War about the causes of tsunami, and was the first to argue that ocean earthquakes must be the cause. [12] [13] The oldest human record of a tsunami dates back to 479 BC, in the Greek colony of Potidaea, thought to be triggered by an earthquake.
Analysis of tsunami earthquakes such as the 1946 Aleutian Islands earthquake shows that the release of seismic moment takes place at an unusually long period. Calculations of the effective moment derived from surface waves show a rapid increase with decrease in the frequency of the seismic waves, whereas for ordinary earthquakes it remains almost constant with frequency.
The magnitude 9.5 earthquake of 22 May 1960, the largest earthquake ever recorded, generated one of the most destructive tsunamis of the 20th century. The tsunami spread across the Pacific Ocean, with waves measuring up to 25 metres (82 ft) high in places. The first tsunami wave hit Hilo, Hawaii, approximately 15 hours after its origin. The ...
A model of the quake and subsequent tsunami shows the wave reaching the East coast about eight hours after the earthquake. Small tsunamis can also be caused by intense coastal storms, according to ...
Only about 12 hours after the initial eruption, tsunami waves a few feet Gado via Getty ImagesOn Jan. 15, 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in Tonga erupted, sending a tsunami racing ...
Tsunamis generated by sub-aerial mass flows are defined in terms of the first initial wave being the tsunami wave, and any tsunamis in terms of sub-aerial mass flows, are characterised into three zones. A splash zone or wave generation zone, is the region where landslides and water motion are coupled and it extends as far as the landslide travels.
Strong earthquakes can lead to damage, tsunami warnings and more. People can also be injured or killed by damage caused by a quake. ... setting off seismic waves that cause the planet's surface to ...
This is due to the comparatively small source area of most landslide tsunami (relative to the area affected by large earthquakes) which causes the generation of shorter wavelength waves. These waves are greatly affected by coastal amplification (which amplifies the local effect) and radial damping (which reduces the distal effect).