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In genetics, a regulator gene, regulator, or regulatory gene is a gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes. Regulatory sequences, which encode regulatory genes, are often at the five prime end (5') to the start site of transcription of the gene they regulate.
The gene regulatory proteins allow the individual genes of an organism to be turned on or off specifically. Different selections of gene regulatory proteins are present in different cell types and thereby direct the patterns of gene expression that give each cell type its unique characteristics.
Gene expression and regulation describes the process by which information encoded in an organism's DNA directs the synthesis of end products, RNA or protein.
Analysis of master regulatory genes may help to understand the most upstream events in phenotypic development, particularly those related to cancer biology. The most extensively studied MRGs are associated with breast cancer and leukemia. Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women.
Regulation of gene expression can happen at any of the stages as DNA is transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is translated into protein. For convenience, regulation is divided into five levels: epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational ( Figure 17.6 ).
Gene regulation is the process used to control the timing, location and amount in which genes are expressed. The process can be complicated and is carried out by a variety of mechanisms, including through regulatory proteins and chemical modification of DNA.
A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an organism. Regulation of gene expression is an essential feature of all living organisms and viruses.
Introduction to gene regulation. Regulation is all about decision making. Gene regulation is, therefore, all about understanding how cells make decisions about which genes to turn on, turn off or to tune up or tune down.
The emerging evidence suggests that there are more genes encoding regulatory RNAs than those encoding proteins in the human genome, and that the amount and type of gene regulation in...
Regulatory genes encode TFs and other regulatory proteins, which interact with the promoter regions of the structural genes, enabling precise temporal and spatial coordination of their transcription and of the resulting production of anthocyanins.