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  2. Borax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borax

    Borax (also referred to as sodium borate, tincal (/ ˈ t ɪ ŋ k əl /) and tincar (/ ˈ t ɪ ŋ k ər /)) is a salt (ionic compound), a hydrated or anhydrous borate of sodium, with the chemical formula Na 2 H 20 B 4 O 17. [1] [a] It is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to make a basic solution.

  3. Sodium borate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_borate

    Sodium borate is a generic name for any salt of sodium with an anion consisting of boron and oxygen, and possibly hydrogen, or any hydrate thereof. It can be seen as a hydrated sodium salt of the appropriate boroxy acid, although the latter may not be a stable compound.

  4. List of alchemical substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_alchemical_substances

    The crust formed on the lid was ground to powder and boiled with water to remove the calomel. Calx – calcium oxide; was also used to refer to other metal oxides. Chalcanthum – the residue produced by strongly roasting blue vitriol (copper sulfate); it is composed mostly of cupric oxide. Chalk – a rock composed of porous biogenic calcium ...

  5. Borate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borate

    Borax crystals. Common borate salts include sodium metaborate (NaBO 2) and borax. Borax is soluble in water, so mineral deposits only occur in places with very low rainfall. Extensive deposits were found in Death Valley and shipped with twenty-mule teams from 1883 to 1889. In 1925, deposits were found at Boron, California on the edge of the ...

  6. Stefan problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_problem

    The classical Stefan problem aims to describe the evolution of the boundary between two phases of a material undergoing a phase change, for example the melting of a solid, such as ice to water. This is accomplished by solving heat equations in both regions, subject to given boundary and initial conditions.

  7. Buffer solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

    Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. In nature, there are many living systems that use buffering for pH regulation. For example, the bicarbonate buffering system is used to regulate the pH of blood, and bicarbonate also acts as a buffer in the ocean.

  8. People are eating borax. Why? Here's what experts say ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/people-eating-borax-why...

    People are ingesting borax. Also known by its chemical name sodium borate decahydrate, borax is a salt typically used to kill ants and boost laundry detergent, among other household cleaning needs ...

  9. Descaling agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descaling_agent

    Limescale build-up inside a pipe reduces both liquid flow and thermal conduction from the pipe, so will reduce thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger.. A descaling agent or chemical descaler is a liquid chemical substance used to remove limescale from metal surfaces in contact with hot water, such as in boilers, water heaters, and kettles.