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2. Data model (GIS) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model_(GIS)

   A specific data model or GIS design is a specification of the data needed for a particular enterprise or project GIS application. It is generally created within the constraints of chosen generic data models, so that existing GIS software can be used.

3. Geographic information system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_Information_System

   A geographic information system (GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and software that store, manage, analyze, edit, output, and visualize geographic data. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Much of this often happens within a spatial database ; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS. [ 1 ]

4. Georelational data model - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georelational_data_model

   As the GIS industry grew to incorporate more casual users, the inherent complexity of the coverage data structure became a concern. When Esri released ArcView GIS 2.0 in 1992, it introduced the new shapefile format for vector data. This was a much simpler data model, eliminating features such as topology, but was still a georelational design.

5. Suitability analysis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitability_analysis

   A suitability model is a model that weights locations relative to each other based on given criteria. Suitability models might aid in finding a favorable location for a new facility, road, or habitat for a species of bird. [5] Overlay analysis is a common method for creating a suitability model which involves using GIS techniques and software. [6]

6. Geographic data and information - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_data_and...

   Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS). There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.

7. GIS file format - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_file_format

   A GIS file format is a standard for encoding geographical information into a computer file, as a specialized type of file format for use in geographic information systems (GIS) and other geospatial applications. Since the 1970s, dozens of formats have been created based on various data models for various purposes

8. Web GIS - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_GIS

   Web GIS (also known as Web-Based GIS), or Web Geographic Information Systems, are GIS that employ the World Wide Web to facilitate the storage, visualization, analysis, and distribution of spatial information over the Internet.

9. Geographic information science - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_science

   Geographic information science (GIScience, GISc) or geoinformation science is a scientific discipline at the crossroads of computational science, social science, and natural science that studies geographic information, including how it represents phenomena in the real world, how it represents the way humans understand the world, and how it can be captured, organized, and analyzed.