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The composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is similar to that of the planet as a whole. [1] Jupiter's atmosphere is the most comprehensively understood of those of all the giant planets because it was observed directly by the Galileo atmospheric probe when it entered the Jovian atmosphere on December 7, 1995. [28]
Jupiter's atmosphere extends to a depth of approximately 3,000 kilometres (2,000 mi) below the cloud layers. ... The cloud layer is about 50 km (31 mi) deep and ...
MWR is also designed to detect the amount of water and ammonia deep inside Jupiter. [5] It should also be able to provide a temperature profile of atmosphere down to 200 bar (2901 psi). [5] Overall MWR is designed to look down as deep as roughly 1,000 atmospheres (or bar or kPa), which is about 342 miles (550 kilometers) down inside Jupiter.
Jupiter’s striking Great Red Spot has puzzled astronomers for years. Now, they think they know just how old it is and how the cyclone formed in Jupiter’s atmosphere.
Europa orbits Jupiter in roughly 3.55 days, with an orbital radius of about 670,900 km. With an orbital eccentricity of only 0.009, the orbit itself is nearly circular, and the orbital inclination relative to Jupiter's equatorial plane is small, at 0.470°. [40]
Storms on Jupiter form ammonia-rich hail — called mushballs — in the atmosphere of the giant planet, new research reveals. Investigators believe these tempests play an important role in ...
The atmosphere has a mass of about 5.15 × 10 18 kg, [2] three quarters of which is within about 11 km (6.8 mi; 36,000 ft) of the surface. The atmosphere becomes thinner with increasing altitude, with no definite boundary between the atmosphere and outer space.
NASA's Juno spacecraft captured this view of Jupiter during the mission's 54th close flyby of the giant planet Sept. 7, 2023.