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Disruptive innovation. An 1880 penny-farthing (left), and a 1886 Rover safety bicycle with gearing. In business theory, disruptive innovation is innovation that creates a new market and value network or enters at the bottom of an existing market and eventually displaces established market-leading firms, products, and alliances. [1]
The Innovator's Dilemma. The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail, first published in 1997, is the best-known work of the Harvard professor and businessman Clayton Christensen. It expands on the concept of disruptive technologies, a term he coined in a 1995 article "Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave". [1]
Clayton Christensen was born on April 6, 1952, in Salt Lake City, Utah, the second of eight children born to Robert M. Christensen (1926–1976) and his wife, Verda Mae Christensen (née Fuller; 1922–2004). [8] He grew up in the Rose Park neighborhood of Salt Lake City and attended West High School, where he was student body president. [8]
Smaller, faster, more energy-efficient storage, analogue electronics, programmable logic, [28] signal processing, [29] neural networks, [30] control systems, [31] reconfigurable computing, [32] brain–computer interfaces, [33] RFID, [34] and pattern recognition [35] Molecular electronics. Research and development.
Disruptive innovation in contrast refers to a process by which a new product or service creates a new market (e.g. transistor radio, free crowdsourced encyclopedia, etc.), eventually displacing established competitors. [23] [24] According to Christensen, disruptive innovations are critical to long-term success in business. [25]
Innovations that are less risky are easier to adopt as the potential loss from failed integration is lower. [26] Innovations that are disruptive to routine tasks, even when they bring a large relative advantage, might not be adopted because of added instability. Likewise, innovations that make tasks easier are likely to be adopted. [27]
Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling High-Tech Products to Mainstream Customers or simply Crossing the Chasm (1991, revised 1999 and 2014), is a marketing book by Geoffrey A. Moore that examines the market dynamics faced by innovative new products, with a particular focus on the "chasm" or adoption gap that lies between early and mainstream markets.
Deep technology (deep tech[a]) or hard tech is a classification of organization, or more typically startup company, [1] with the expressed objective of providing technology solutions based on substantial scientific or engineering challenges. [1] They present challenges requiring lengthy research and development, and large capital investment ...