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Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, [1] is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral ...
As such they tend to be tabular, flat and really large, covering many square kilometres of the Earth's surface. However, at any one time the area of a deposit being worked for the nickel ore is much smaller, usually only a few hectares. The typical nickel laterite mine often operates as either an open cut mine or a strip mine. [citation needed]
The Siilinjärvi carbonatite complex, [1] an open-pit mine owned by Yara International, in Siilinjärvi, Finland Coal strip mine in Wyoming. Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the ...
In Australia, bauxite is mined using an open-cut method. [4] This is possible because most bauxite in Australia can be found at or relatively close to the surface and is easily accessible by this method. [2] Open cut mining involves first removing the area above the bauxite ore called the overburden.
The mine works as an open cut operation and Mount Fubilan has been reduced to a deep pit in the ground in the course of the excavation of the Ok Tedi Mine. By 31 December 2004, 8,896,577 tonnes of copper concentrate (containing 2,853,265 tonnes of copper metal and 7,035,477 troy ounces or 218.8278 tonnes of gold metal) had been mined.
Coal mining has had many developments in recent years, from the early days of men tunneling, digging, and manually extracting the coal on carts to large open-cut and longwall mines. Mining at this scale requires the use of draglines , trucks, conveyors , hydraulic jacks , and shearers.
The Mexican Mining Chamber (Camimex) opposes the ban on open-pit mining, saying such a prohibition would cause a 1% contraction in the country's GDP and threaten some 200,000 jobs.
Production at the open-cut mine began in 2003. [4] Extraction is done by the dragline, truck and shovel method. [4] Two seams are mined. These are the Elphinstone Seam, average thickness of 6.4 metres and Hynds Seam, averaging 8.3 metres in thickness. [4] Coal is exported via the Goonyella railway line.