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Most merchant ships carry at least one of each type to ensure adequate target detection and response. [1] For example, the S-band operates better in sea clutter and rain than the X-band, however, the X-band has greater definition and accuracy in clear weather. [1] Radar is a vital navigation component for safety at sea and near the shore.
A typical shipboard ARPA/radar system. A marine radar with automatic radar plotting aid (ARPA) capability can create tracks using radar contacts. [1] [2] The system can calculate the tracked object's course, speed and closest point of approach [3] (CPA), thereby knowing if there is a danger of collision with the other ship or landmass.
A motion detector attached to an outdoor, automatic light. A motion detector is an electrical device that utilizes a sensor to detect nearby motion (motion detection).Such a device is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area.
Inertial systems are devices that measure a vessel position over time with motion sensors and gyroscopes. These devices estimate future positions based off velocity, acceleration, and orientation measurements. Detected anomalies that stray from the expected pattern can be flagged for closer inspection.
The detection range between these devices and ships, dependent upon the height of the ship's radar mast and the height of the Search and Rescue Locating device, is normally about 15 km (8 nautical miles). Once detected by radar, the Search and Rescue Locating device will produce a visual and aural indication to the persons in distress.
A ship can be considered to have six degrees of freedom in its motion, i.e., it can translate and rotate on three perpendicular axes. Three of these involve translation: surge (longitudinal axis, forward/astern) sway (lateral axis, starboard/port) heave (vertical axis, up/down) and the other three rotation: roll (rotation about longitudinal axis)
After looking for him around the ship to no avail, she said, she notified the cruise line, which began an hourslong search that ended with the U.S. Coast Guard rescuing 29-year-old Grimes from the ...
These devices may be either a radar-SART, or a GPS-based AIS-SART (automatic identification system SART). The radar-SART is used to locate a survival craft or distressed vessel by creating a series of dots on a rescuing ship's radar display. A SART will only respond to a 9 GHz X-band (3 cm wavelength) radar.