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A felled tree allows direct sunlight to reach the forest floor. The creation of a treefall gap causes a break in the canopy to form, allowing light to penetrate through to the understory . This light can now reach shrubs and treelet species, which under normal circumstances never grow tall enough to reach the canopy. [ 7 ]
[1]: 51 The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy. [2]: 151 [3]: 18 At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood"). [4]: 58
This is a list of places on land below mean sea level. Places artificially created such as tunnels, mines, basements, and dug holes, or places under water, or existing temporarily as a result of ebbing of sea tide etc., are not included. Places where seawater and rainwater is pumped away are included.
In contrast understory shrubs complete their life cycles in the shade of the forest canopy. Some smaller tree species, such as dogwood and holly, rarely grow tall and generally are understory trees. The canopy of a tropical forest is typically about 10 m (33 ft) thick, and intercepts around 95% of the sunlight. [1]
The frost line—also known as frost depth or freezing depth—is most commonly the depth to which the groundwater in soil is expected to freeze. The frost depth depends on the climatic conditions of an area, the heat transfer properties of the soil and adjacent materials, and on nearby heat sources.
Kentucky contends with heavy snow and flooding. Beshear said at a news conference Wednesday morning that parts of western Kentucky had received eight inches of snow by 11:30 a.m. Areas in central ...
Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor that deposits onto a freezing surface. Frost forms when the air contains more water vapor than it can normally hold at a specific temperature.
Farther to the east, in cities such as New Orleans; Mobile, Alabama; and Pensacola, Florida, the thaw and freeze cycles and risk of icy surfaces during the nighttime and morning hours may last ...