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Those with Cobb angle of more than 60° usually have respiratory complications. [7] Scoliosis cases with Cobb angles between 40 and 50 degrees at skeletal maturity progress at an average of 10 to 15 degrees during a normal lifetime. Cobb angles of more than 50 degrees at skeletal maturity progress at about 1 to 2 degrees per year. [8]
The standard method for assessing the curvature quantitatively is measuring the Cobb angle, which is the angle between two lines, drawn perpendicular to the upper endplate of the uppermost vertebra involved and the lower endplate of the lowest vertebra involved. For people with two curves, Cobb angles are followed for both curves.
Immature patients who present with Cobb angles of 20 degrees to 29 degrees should be braced according to the risk of progression by considering age, Cobb angle increase over a six-month period, Risser sign, and clinical presentation. Immature patients who present with Cobb angles greater than 30 degrees should be braced.
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Cobb Angle - (3 x Risser Sign) Progression Factor = ──────────────────────────────── Chronological Age From: Lonstein JE, Carlson JM (1984). "The prediction of curve progression in untreated idiopathic scoliosis during growth".
John Robert Cobb (1903–1967), was an American orthopedic surgeon [1] who invented the eponymous Cobb angle, the preferred method of measuring the degree of scoliosis and post-traumatic kyphosis. Education
A 20-year-old male with Scheuermann's disease, showing various measurement of kyphotic/lordotic degrees and their supplementary angles. Notice the signature 'wedging' shape of the four vertebrae in the lower thoracic area. The other vertebral bodies are otherwise normal. The measured kyphosis for this patient is ~70°.
In trigonometry, the gradian – also known as the gon (from Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía) 'angle'), grad, or grade [1] – is a unit of measurement of an angle, defined as one-hundredth of the right angle; in other words, 100 gradians is equal to 90 degrees.