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Rather than a single disease entity, periodontal disease is a combination of multiple disease processes that share a common clinical manifestation. The cause includes both local and systemic factors. The disease consists of a chronic inflammation associated with loss of alveolar bone. Advanced disease features include pus and exudates.
Universal numbering system. This is a dental practitioner view, so tooth number 1, the rear upper tooth on the patient's right, appears on the left of the chart. The Universal Numbering System, sometimes called the "American System", is a dental notation system commonly used in the United States. [1] [2]
Using the periodontal six/four point chart, if more than 30% of sites are involved then a diagnosis of generalised disease is given. If less than 30% of sites are involved, then the type of periodontitis is localized. To complete the diagnosis, the extent of the disease must be assessed.
Definitive treatment is required over multiple dental visits. You also need to improve home care and schedule many more hygiene visits to prevent tooth loss. 7mm and above with bleeding: This is the advanced stage of periodontal disease and will require aggressive treatment. Your dentist might recommend surgery to repair any bone loss.
The system uses two numbers to define each tooth. One to specify the quadrant, and one to specify the tooth within that quadrant. Orientation of the chart is traditionally "dentist's view", i.e. patient's right corresponds to notation chart left. The designations "left" and "right" on the chart below correspond to the patient's left and right.
Wisdom teeth are not included because pericoronitis and tooth impaction may cause isolated periodontal defects which do not represent the general periodontal condition of the rest of the mouth. At least 2 teeth must be present in a sextant for it to be scored. If only 1 tooth is present in a sextant, the tooth is included in the adjoining sextant.
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Eroded tooth enamel: Bulimia: Loss of deciduous and permanent teeth by late childhood: Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome Haim–Munk syndrome: Premature dentition (Natal teeth) Pachyonychia congenita type II: Grey–green discoloration of the mid-portion of permanent teeth: Minocycline-induced pigmentation: Brown discoloration of gingival third of teeth