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2. Alpenstock - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpenstock

   Jacques Balmat carrying an axe and an alpenstock An 1872 diagram of an early ice axe, showing how the alpenstock was modified by the addition of a pick and an adze. An alpenstock (German: Alpen-"alpine" + Stock "stick, staff") is a long wooden pole with an iron spike tip, used by shepherds for travel on snowfields and glaciers in the Alps since the Middle Ages.

3. Glossary of climbing terms - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms

   A A-grade Also aid climbing grade. The technical difficulty grading system for aid climbing (both for "original" and an adapted version for "new wave"), which goes: A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and up to A6 (for "new wave"). See C-grade. Abalakov thread Abalakov thread Also V-thread. A type of anchor used in abseiling especially in winter and in ice climbing. ABD Also assisted braking device. A term ...

4. Ice axe - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_axe

   An ice axe is a multi-purpose hiking and climbing tool used by mountaineers in both the ascent and descent of routes that involve snow or ice covered (e.g. ice climbing or mixed climbing) conditions. Its use depends on the terrain: in its simplest role it is used like a walking stick, with the mountaineer holding the head in the center of their ...

5. Rock-climbing equipment - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment

   The rock-climbing equipment needed varies materially depending on the type of rock climbing being undertaken. Starting from the least equipment-intensive type of climbing, the general equipment needs are as follows: [1] Free solo climbing, and its deep-water soloing variant, require the least equipment as no climbing protection or ropes are used.

6. Piton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piton

   1960s-era pitons, including: knifeblades, lost arrows, bugaboos, ring angles, and bongs. A piton (/ ˈ p iː t ɒ n /; also called pin or peg) in big wall climbing and in aid climbing is a metal spike (usually steel) that is driven into a crack or seam in the climbing surface using a climbing hammer, and which acts as an anchor for protecting the climber from falling or to assist progress in ...

7. Redpoint (climbing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redpoint_(climbing)

   The English term "redpoint" is a loan translation of the German Rotpunkt that was coined by Kurt Albert in the mid-1970s at Frankenjura.Albert would paint a red "X" on any fixed metal pitons on a rock climbing route so that he could avoid using them while climbing, thus not using any artificial aid.