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Iran, [a] [b] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) [c] and also known as Persia, [d] is a country in West Asia.It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
The location of Iran An enlargeable map of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iran: Iran – sovereign country located in Southwest Asia and the Middle East. [1] Iran is bound by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south and the Caspian Sea to its north.
The Iranian empire began in the Iron Age with the rise of the Medes, who unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. [16] The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the largest empire the world had seen, spanning from the Balkans to North Africa and Central Asia.
The Islamic Republic of Iran is an Islamic theocracy headed by a Supreme Leader. Its constitution was approved in 1979 and amended in 1989. Jaafari school of thought is the official religion. Theocratic bodies supervise the government which has an elected president and elected governmental bodies at the national, provincial and local levels.
Sasanian Empire reaches its greatest height, encompassing all of present-day Iran and Iraq and stretching from the eastern Mediterranean (including Anatolia and Egypt) to Pakistan, and from parts of southern Arabia to the Caucasus and Central Asia. 626: June – July: Sasanian Empire lays siege to Constantinople, however is unable to capture it ...
The Rashidun caliphate or the early caliphate, [3] was the first Islamic state under the name of Caliphate, which appeared on the day of the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 8 June 632 CE (28 Safar 11 AH) [4] and it lasted until the year 661 CE (40 AH).
The Fars territory or Ancient Persia or in terms of political history in the Sasanian Empire era and early Islamic period was a state and included the current provinces of Fars, Bushehr Province, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad and even Yazd province and Behbahan County of Khuzestan province.
The Guarded Domains of Iran, [a] alternatively the Sublime State of Iran [b] and commonly called Qajar Iran, Qajar Persia or the Qajar Empire, was the Iranian state [7] under the rule of the Qajar dynasty, which was of Turkic origin, [8] [9] [10] specifically from the Qajar tribe, from 1789 to 1925.