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The Arizona Territory, colloquially referred to as Confederate Arizona, was an organized incorporated territory of the Confederate States of America that existed from August 1, 1861, to May 26, 1865, when the Confederate States Army Trans-Mississippi Department, commanded by General Edmund Kirby Smith, surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana.
During 1861–1862 in the Western theater, the Union made permanent gains—though in the Eastern theater the conflict was inconclusive. The abolition of slavery became a Union war goal on January 1, 1863, when Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation , which declared all slaves in rebel states to be free, applying to more than 3.5 million ...
Capture of Tucson (1862) Arizona (New Mexico Territory at the time) Union: A Union force of 2,000 took the city from ten Tucson militiamen without a shot fired. May 23, 1862: Battle of Lewisburg: West Virginia (Virginia at the time) [A] Union: Troops under Union Gen. George Crook defeat Confederate forces under Gen. Henry Heth: May 29, 1862
Apache warriors, over 200 strong, attacked Tubac sometime in early August 1861 and initiated a siege on one side of the presidio. Mexican bandits occupied the other side but stayed out of the major fighting. The towns people fought the Apaches for three days until sending a dispatch rider to Tucson, requesting reinforcements.
American Civil War, 1861–1865 Territory of Arizona (Confederate States), 1861–1862; Apache Wars, 1851–1886; Pah-Ute County, "Arizona's Lost County" 1865–1871; Camp Grant Massacre, 1871; Gadsden Purchase, 1853; Governors of the Territory of Arizona; History of Arizona; James Reavis, The "Baron of Arizona" Mexican–American War, 1846–1848
Near the same location, they massacred and mutilated nine Mexican herdsmen and stole their forty head of cattle. Three whites of the same party were taken prisoner, tortured and killed later on. Fourteen American settlers were murdered on either July 25 or 26, 1861, and discovered by the Los Angeles Mounted Rifles, soon after.
The Journal of Arizona History. 10 (3): 137– 206. JSTOR 41695524; Bradley, Christopher M. (Summer 2021). Turpie, David C. (ed.). "Not Set in Stone: Civil War Memorialization at Picacho Pass and the Emergence of a Confederate Fantasy Heritage in Arizona". 62 (2). Tucson, AZ: Arizona Historical Society: 141– 171.
It was fought on September 27, 1861, between settlers of Pinos Altos mining town, the Confederate Arizona Guards, and Apache warriors. The town is located about seven miles north of the present day Silver City, New Mexico .