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  2. Repeating decimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeating_decimal

    Those reciprocals of primes can be associated with several sequences of repeating decimals. For example, the multiples of ⁠ 1 / 13 ⁠ can be divided into two sets, with different repetends. The first set is: ⁠ 1 / 13 ⁠ = 0. 076923 ⁠ 10 / 13 ⁠ = 0. 769230 ⁠ 9 / 13 ⁠ = 0. 692307 ⁠ 12 / 13 ⁠ = 0. 923076

  3. Rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding

    Approximating a rational number by a fraction with smaller denominator 399 / 941 3 / 7 1-digit-denominator Approximating a fraction by a fractional decimal number: 5 / 3 1.6667: 4 decimal places: Approximating a fractional decimal number by one with fewer digits 2.1784: 2.18 2 decimal places

  4. Shor's algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shor's_algorithm

    The problem that we are trying to solve is: given an odd composite number, find its integer factors. To achieve this, Shor's algorithm consists of two parts: A classical reduction of the factoring problem to the problem of order-finding.

  5. Approximations of π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximations_of_π

    In the 3rd century BCE, Archimedes proved the sharp inequalities 223 ⁄ 71 < π < 22 ⁄ 7, by means of regular 96-gons (accuracies of 2·10 −4 and 4·10 −4, respectively). [ 15 ] In the 2nd century CE, Ptolemy used the value 377 ⁄ 120 , the first known approximation accurate to three decimal places (accuracy 2·10 −5 ). [ 16 ]

  6. Floating-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating-point_arithmetic

    inexact, set if the rounded (and returned) value is different from the mathematically exact result of the operation. underflow, set if the rounded value is tiny (as specified in IEEE 754) and inexact (or maybe limited to if it has denormalization loss, as per the 1985 version of IEEE 754), returning a subnormal value including the zeros.

  7. Percentile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile

    Thus, rounding to two decimal places, −3σ is the 0.13th percentile, −2σ the 2.28th percentile, −1σ the 15.87th percentile, 0σ the 50th percentile (both the mean and median of the distribution), +1σ the 84.13th percentile, +2σ the 97.72nd percentile, and +3σ the 99.87th percentile.

  8. Binary number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_number

    Arithmetic values thought to have been represented by parts of the Eye of Horus. The scribes of ancient Egypt used two different systems for their fractions, Egyptian fractions (not related to the binary number system) and Horus-Eye fractions (so called because many historians of mathematics believe that the symbols used for this system could be arranged to form the eye of Horus, although this ...

  9. Hexadecimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexadecimal

    Hexadecimal (also known as base-16 or simply hex) is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9 and "A"–"F" to represent values from ten to fifteen.