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Corneal ulcer, also called keratitis, is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a common condition in humans particularly in the tropics and in farming. [ 4 ]
An oral tetracycline antibiotic (such as doxycycline) may be used in systemic or particularly severe/intractable infections. [2] [4] Erythromycin may be an effective alternative, especially in pediatric cases where the side effects of tetracyclines are unacceptable. [4] Artificial tears can reduce dryness and discomfort from corneal lesions. [2]
If corneal ulcer is detected, it may be treated medically with antibiotics. If corneal perforation has occurred, immediate treatment measures should be done to restore the integrity of perforated cornea. Tissue adhesive glues, covering with conjunctival flap, bandage soft contact lens or therapeutic keratoplasty may be indicated to treat ...
[11] [14] [9] Corneal transplantation is a management option when there is severe corneal melting or perforation although one possible disadvantage is the risk of rejection. [14] Surgical treatment helps maintain the integrity of the globe, but it is usually complementary because it alone cannot influence the underlying immunological process. [7]
Symptoms may be noted to persist after contact lenses are removed, or following antibiotic treatment. [citation needed] Signs: The eyelids and adnexa involved shows edema and redness, conjunctiva is chemosed. Ulcer may be present. It is a dry looking corneal ulcer with satellite lesions in the surrounding cornea.
Treatment of herpes of the eye is different based on its presentation: epithelial keratitis is caused by live virus while stromal disease is an immune response and metaherpetic ulcer results from inability of the corneal epithelium to heal.
An anti-ulcer medication for treating mouth ulcer is triamcinolone, a corticosteroid. Other anti-ulcer supplements include vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 . Antibiotics and agents to reduce gastric acid secretion are used in combinations to treat Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori )-induced peptic ulcer disease (PUD), an ulceration in the gastric region.
Ulcerative vernal keratitis require surgical treatment in the form of debridement, superficial keratectomy, excimer laser therapeutic keratectomy, as well as amniotic membrane transplantation to enhance re-epithelialisation. Recently treatment with tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) used topically twice daily is showing encouraging results.