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The Mali Empire (Manding: Mandé [3] or Manden Duguba; [4] [5] Arabic: مالي, romanized: Mālī) was an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita ( c. 1214 – c. 1255 ) and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita).
The history of the Mali Empire begins when the first Mande people entered the Manding region during the period of the Ghana Empire. After its fall, the various tribes established independent chiefdoms. In the 12th century, these were briefly conquered by the Sosso Empire under Soumaoro Kante.
The Mali Empire started in 1230 and was the largest empire in West Africa and profoundly influenced the culture of West Africa through the spread of its language, laws and customs. [15] Until the 19th century, Timbuktu remained important as an outpost at the southwestern fringe of the Muslim world and a hub of the trans-Saharan slave trade .
The Jolof Empire; 1374 The Eastern Revolt; c. 1400 The Sandaki usurpation and second Mossi raid; The Diawara Revolt; c. 1433 The Tuareg invasion; Approximate extent of the Mali Empire, next to the Songhai Empire, c. 1350. 1440 — 1490 The empire on the defensive. The Portuguese; Songhai hegemony; Tengela War; 1500 — 1600 Collapse of the Mali ...
The Mali Empire later formed on the upper Niger River, and reached the height of power in the 14th century. [40] Under the Mali Empire, the ancient cities of Djenné and Timbuktu were centers of both trade and Islamic learning. [40] The empire later declined as a result of internal intrigue, ultimately being supplanted by the Songhai Empire. [40]
Proposed Flag for Azawad: A white Field with a blue Star and crescent in the center. [4] 2012–present: Flag of The National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad: A horizontal tricolor of green, red and black with a yellow triangle based on the hoist side. [4] Used as the national flag of the unrecognized State of Azawad from 2012 to 2013.
A turn-based strategy 4X video game where players engage with real-world historical figures and events, managing ancient kingdoms, imperialistic expansion, and industrial and digital revolutions. The game emphasizes the geographical and political developments of civilizations, highlighting how cities, technologies, and cultures evolve across eras.
Mali Empire (possible) A reconstruction of the banner used by Musa I on the hajj, a possible historical flag of the Mali Empire. It consisted of a yellow rectangle centered on a red field. 1880–1958 2:3 French Sudan [a] The French tricolor was used as the official flag of French Sudan for most of its history. 1958–1959 2:3