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The following is a list of women who have been elected or appointed head of state or government of their respective countries since the interwar period (1918–1939). The first list includes female presidents who are heads of state and may also be heads of government, as well as female heads of government who are not concurrently head of state, such as prime ministers.
From June 25 to July 1, 2015, from April 4 to May 3, 2017, and since July 14, 2023 there was a total of five women serving as regional presidents, making these the periods with the greatest number of women serving at the same time.
Barcelona Centre for International Affairs (in Spanish) —contextualised biographies of world political leaders; EmilePhaneuf—an archived, partial list of official websites for heads of state; Portale Storia (in Italian) —a list of current rulers by country; Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places
The situation for women was more regressive than that of women in Nazi Germany under Hitler. [3] Women did not have rights in Francoist Spain. Women had civil obligations, where not being a responsible was a considered a crime. [4] Many of the laws imposed by the regime had roots in nineteenth century Spanish laws, and treated women as if their ...
Spain: Yolanda Barcina Navarre: President: 23 June 2011: 20 July 2015: 4 years, 27 days Spain: Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda Aragon: President: 13 July 2011: 3 July 2015: 3 years, 355 days Spain: Paula Sánchez de León Valencian Community: Acting President: 20 July 2011: 28 July 2011: 8 days Spain: Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer Saarland: Minister ...
For Republican women, Francoist Spain was a double loss, as the new regime first took away the limited political power and identities as women which they had won during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939), and it secondly forced them back into the confines of their homes. Motherhood would become the primary social function of women in ...
In 1975, the permiso marital was abolished, improving the legal status of married women. [19] The 1978 Spanish constitution gave men and women equality under the law, effectively ending the Franco regime's system of guardianship for single women, and a new family law was enacted in 1981, giving married women full civil rights, and also ...
The French monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792 and a republic was proclaimed. The chain of Bourbon monarchs begun in 1589 was broken. Louis XVI was executed on 21 January 1793. Marie Antoinette and her son, Louis, were held as prisoners. Many French royalists proclaimed him Louis XVII, but he never reigned. She was executed on 16 ...