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  2. Looming and similar refraction phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looming_and_similar...

    Looming of the Canadian coast as seen from Rochester, New York, on April 16, 1871. Looming is the most noticeable and most often observed of these refraction phenomena. It is an abnormally large refraction of the object that increases the apparent elevation of the distant objects and sometimes allows an observer to see objects that are located below the horizon under normal conditions.

  3. Bedford Level experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedford_Level_experiment

    Temperature inversions like this are common. An increase in air temperature or lapse rate of 0.11 Celsius degrees per metre of altitude would create an illusion of a flat canal, and all optical measurements made near ground level would be consistent with a completely flat surface. If the lapse rate were higher than this (temperature increasing ...

  4. Interface (matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(matter)

    For example, oil droplets in a salad dressing are spherical but the interface between water and air in a glass of water is mostly flat. Surface tension is the physical property which rules interface processes involving liquids. For a liquid film on flat surfaces, the liquid-vapor interface keeps flat to minimize interfacial area and system free ...

  5. Atmospheric optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_optics

    This temperature inversion is the opposite of what is normally the case; air is usually warmer close to the surface, and cooler higher up. In calm weather, a layer of significantly warmer air can rest over colder dense air, forming an atmospheric duct which acts like a refracting lens, producing a series of both inverted and erect images.

  6. Glossary of HVAC terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_HVAC_terms

    An HVAC system that has a stable supply-air temperature, and varies the air flow rate to meet the temperature requirements. Compared to constant air volume systems, these systems conserve energy through lower fan speeds during times of lower temperature control demand. Most new commercial buildings have VAV systems.

  7. 'Feels like' temperature: What does it really mean and how ...

    www.aol.com/feels-temperature-does-really-mean...

    For example, in a scenario where the actual temperature is 10 degrees but the "feels like" temperature is -5 degrees, what that really means is that the wind chill is making it feel as if the air ...

  8. Glossary of meteorology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_meteorology

    A meteorological index that posits the apparent temperature perceived by the average human being who is exposed to a given combination of air temperature and relative humidity in a shaded area. For example, when the air temperature is 32 °C (90 °F) with 70% relative humidity, the heat index is 41 °C (106 °F). heat lightning heat wave

  9. Atmospheric temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_temperature

    The temperature of the air near the surface of the Earth is measured at meteorological observatories and weather stations, usually using thermometers placed in a shelter such as a Stevenson screen—a standardized, well-ventilated, white-painted instrument shelter. The thermometers should be positioned 1.25–2 m above the ground.