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Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 Gothic novel written by English author Mary Shelley. Frankenstein tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. Shelley started writing the story when she was 18, and the first edition was published anonymously ...
Percy Bysshe Shelley's 1816 poem "Mutability" in a draft of Frankenstein with his changes to the text in his handwriting. Bodleian. Oxford. Since the initial publication of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus in 1818, there has existed uncertainty about the extent to which Mary Shelley's husband, Percy Bysshe Shelley, contributed to the text.
Max Duperray explains that the choice of the term "horror" served to distinguish a later school within the Gothic movement, which Frankenstein is partly part of: "[...] whereas the early novels separate good and evil with an insurmountable barrier," he writes, "the later ones usher in the era of moral ambiguity, involving the reader more deeply in the mysteries of the transgressive ...
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818) has come to define Gothic fiction in the Romantic period. Frontispiece to 1831 edition shown. Gothic fiction, sometimes called Gothic horror (primarily in the 20th century), is a loose literary aesthetic of fear and haunting.
Born in Italy, Elizabeth Lavenza was adopted by Victor's family.In the first edition (1818), she is the daughter of Victor's aunt and her Italian husband. After her mother's death, Elizabeth's father—intending to remarry—writes to Victor's father and asks if he and his wife would like to adopt the child and spare her being raised by a stepmother (as Mary Shelley had unhappily been).
The character of Professor Bernstein in the 1957 Hammer film The Curse of Frankenstein is meant to be a replacement for Doctor Waldman. [3] Professor Waldman appears in the 1973 Frankenstein film portrayed by William Hansen. Professor Waldman appears in the 2004 miniseries Frankenstein portrayed by William Hurt. Similar to the 1931 Universal ...
Frankenstein's monster, commonly referred to as Frankenstein, [a] is a fictional character that first appeared in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus as its main antagonist.
The British Library analysis noted the direct connection to Shelley's poem "Mont Blanc" which was published in 1817 in History of a Six Weeks' Tour. Frankenstein develops the theme of "necessity" which Shelley wrote about in that poem. It is a philosophical idea of the novel. [5] The review related Frankenstein to Percy Bysshe Shelley's own works: