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In computer programming and software design, code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing source code—changing the factoring—without changing its external behavior. Refactoring is intended to improve the design, structure, and/or implementation of the software (its non-functional attributes), while preserving its functionality.
The process of removing data clumps runs the risk of creating a different type of code smell (a data class, which is a class that only stores data and does not have any methods for actually operating on the data); however, the creation of the class will encourage the programmer to see functionality that might be included here as well. [1] [2]
Common refactoring activities are changing variable names, renaming methods, moving methods or whole classes and breaking large methods (or functions) into smaller ones. Agile software development methodologies plan for regular (or even continuous) refactoring making it an integral part of the team software development process. [5]
The Transformation Priority Premise is a name given to the mental structure TDD’ers build up over time as to balance your code from being too specific, rather than generic. The idea is that with each example you add to the tests you move up the Transformation Priority list, making your code more generic, so able to handle more of the cases.
In software engineering, the Extract Class refactoring is applied when a class becomes overweight with too many methods and its purpose becomes unclear. Extract Class refactoring involves creating a new class and moving methods and/or data to the new class.
"Don't repeat yourself" (DRY), also known as "duplication is evil", is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of information which is likely to change, replacing it with abstractions that are less likely to change, or using data normalization which avoids redundancy in the first place.
This facilitates code refactoring, for example allowing the author of the class to change how objects of that class represent their data internally without changing any external code (as long as "public" method calls work the same way). It also encourages programmers to put all the code that is concerned with a certain set of data in the same ...
Thus, a code smell is a driver for refactoring. Factors such as the understandability of code, how easy it is to be modified, the ease in which it can be enhanced to support functional changes, the code's ability to be reused in different settings, how testable the code is, and code reliability are factors that can be used to identify code smells.