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Hapkido (UK: / ˌ h æ p k iː ˈ d oʊ / HAP-kee-DOH, [4] US: / h ɑː p ˈ k iː d oʊ / hahp-KEE-doh, [5] also spelled hap ki do or hapki-do; from Korean 합기도 hapgido [hap̚.ki.do]) is a Korean martial art. It is a form of self-defense that employs joint locks, grappling, throwing techniques, kicks, punches, and other striking attacks.
Sin Moo Hapkido's ranking system is somewhat similar to other ranking systems. Gups (급, called also kups) are beginner student stages and dans (단) are advanced student stages. Though Sin Moo Hapkido has had a number of different revisions as far as rank structure, this is the current organization used by Ji, Han-jae.
Combat Hapkido does not incorporate certain traditional Hapkido techniques which it deemed impractical for modern self-defense scenarios. For example, acrobatic break falls, jump/spinning kicks, forms, and meditation have been omitted, along with the removal of weapons such as swords and other weapons which would be impractical and not typically carried in modern society.
After Choi returned to Korea in 1946 he started teaching a martial art he had learned in Japan, Daito Ryu Aikijujitsu. His initial students and their students, etc., adapted these techniques to their own needs and added techniques from other Korean and non-Korean styles, forming Hapkido, Kuksool Won, Hwarangdo, Tukgongmoosul, Hanmudo, Hanpul ...
In August 1974, he again changed the name of his own organization to Kuk Je Yon Maeng Hapki Hwe (국제연맹합기회), which is known in English as the International H.K.D. Federation. In the same year he co-founded the Korean Hapkido Association. In 1981 the IHF was recognized by the Korean government.
Hapki Kochido Musool (in Korean: 합기코쉬도무술) is a modern Korean martial art, and a recognized style of Hapkido. It is not traditional, although it retains many elements from ancient Korean and Chinese fighting arts. It has a heavy focus on combat usefulness while deemphasizing sports elements.
Kata is a loanword in English, from the 1950s in reference to the judo kata due to Jigoro Kano, and from the 1970s also of karate kata; but the word has come to be used as a generic term for "forms" in martial arts in general, or even figuratively applied to other fields.
Hapkidowon is the center of Hapkido instructor education, issues official instructor Dan (black belt) and certifications, provides seminars [1] [2] [3] and leads and guides the Hapkido organization and school. Hapkidowon trains leaders of the art on sound mind, body and spirit in accordance with the principles of Hapkido.