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Naturally occurring strontium is nonradioactive and nontoxic at levels normally found in the environment, but 90 Sr is a radiation hazard. [4] 90 Sr undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 28.79 years and a decay energy of 0.546 MeV distributed to an electron, an antineutrino, and the yttrium isotope 90 Y, which in turn undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 64 hours and a decay energy ...
Radioactive isotope table "lists ALL radioactive nuclei with a half-life greater than 1000 years", incorporated in the list above. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear physics properties F.G. Kondev et al. 2021 Chinese Phys. C 45 030001. The PDF of this article lists the half-lives of all known radioactives nuclides.
The longest-lived of these isotopes, and the most relevantly studied, are 90 Sr with a half-life of 28.9 years, 85 Sr with a half-life of 64.853 days, and 89 Sr (89 Sr) with a half-life of 50.57 days. All other strontium isotopes have half-lives shorter than 50 days, most under 100 minutes. Strontium-89 is an artificial radioisotope used in ...
The biological half-life of strontium in humans has variously been reported as from 14 to 600 days, [86] [87] 1,000 days, [88] 18 years, [89] 30 years [90] and, at an upper limit, 49 years. [91] The wide-ranging published biological half-life figures are explained by strontium's complex metabolism within the body.
However, a small amount of yttrium-90 will be found in secular equilibrium with its parent strontium-90 unless the two elements are separated from each other. 90 Sr decays into 90 Y which is a beta emitter with a half-life of 2.67 days.
Strontium-90 has a shorter half-life, produces less power, and requires more shielding than plutonium-238, but is cheaper as it is a fission product and is present in a high concentration in nuclear waste and can be relatively easily chemically extracted. Strontium-90 based RTGs have been used to power remote lighthouses. [1]
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The produced radionuclides have varying half-lives, and therefore vary in radioactivity. For instance, strontium-89 and strontium-90 are produced in similar quantities in fission, and each nucleus decays by beta emission. But 90 Sr has a 30-year half-life, and 89 Sr a 50.5-day half-life.