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In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol , CH 3 −CH 2 −OH , is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene , CH 2 =CH 2 , formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so ...
Copper(II) oxalate are inorganic compounds with the chemical formula CuC 2 O 4 (H 2 O) x.The value of x can be 0, 0.44, and 1. Two of these species are found as secondary minerals (degradation of minerals), whewellite (monohydrate) and moolooite (0.44 hydrate). [3]
A salt with associated water of crystallization is known as a hydrate. The structure of hydrates can be quite elaborate, because of the existence of hydrogen bonds that define polymeric structures. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Historically, the structures of many hydrates were unknown, and the dot in the formula of a hydrate was employed to specify the ...
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In inorganic chemistry, mineral hydration is a reaction which adds water to the crystal structure of a mineral, usually creating a new mineral, commonly called a hydrate.. In geological terms, the process of mineral hydration is known as retrograde alteration and is a process occurring in retrograde metamorphism.
These "cages" are unstable when empty, collapsing into conventional ice crystal structure, but they are stabilised by the inclusion of the gas molecule within them. Most low molecular weight gases (including CH 4 , H 2 S, Ar, Kr, and Xe) will form a hydrate under some pressure-temperature conditions. [ 3 ]
Methane clathrate block embedded in the sediment of hydrate ridge, off Oregon, USA. Clathrate hydrates, or gas hydrates, clathrates, or hydrates, are crystalline water-based solids physically resembling ice, in which small non-polar molecules (typically gases) or polar molecules with large hydrophobic moieties are trapped inside "cages" of hydrogen bonded, frozen water molecules.
γ-Cyclodextrin exists as a white (colorless) powder or crystals. The density of its hydrate crystal (γCD·14H 2 O) is 1.41 g/cm 3 . γ-Cyclodextrin is well soluble in water and dimethyl sulfoxide , poorly soluble in methanol .