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Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a
A soda geyser is a physical reaction between a carbonated beverage, usually Diet Coke, and Mentos mints that causes the beverage to be expelled from its container. The candies catalyze the release of gas from the beverage, which creates an eruption that pushes most of the liquid up and out of the bottle.
An eruption on the Red Sea island killed at least 7 soldiers and spewed lava and ash hundreds of metres into the air. [107] 1 Raoul Island [108] Kermadec Islands, New Zealand 2006 1 An eruption on 17 March killed conservation worker Mark Kearney, who was measuring the water temperature of Green Lake. [109] 3 Santa Ana [110] El Salvador 2005 2
Strombolian eruptions are a type of volcanic eruption named after the volcano Stromboli, which has been erupting nearly continuously for centuries. [13] Strombolian eruptions are driven by the bursting of gas bubbles within the magma. These gas bubbles within the magma accumulate and coalesce into large bubbles, called gas slugs.
In a volcanic eruption, lava, volcanic bombs, ash, and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent and fissure. While many eruptions only pose dangers to the immediately surrounding area, Earth's largest eruptions can have a major regional or even global impact, with some affecting the climate and contributing to mass extinctions.
The 1991 eruption rated 6 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index and came some 450–500 years after the volcano's last known eruptive activity. The eruption ejected about 10 km 3 (2.4 cu mi) of material, making it the largest eruption of the 20th century since that of Novarupta in 1912 and some ten times larger than the 1980 eruption of Mount St ...
Dallol mountain has an area of about 3 by 1.5 km (1.9 by 0.9 mi), and rises about 60 m (200 ft) above the surrounding salt plains. A circular depression near the centre is probably a collapsed crater. The southwestern slopes have water-eroded salt canyons, pillars, and blocks. There are numerous saline springs and fields of small fumaroles. [2]
Eruption rates for Belknap were high, [53] at 1.2 cubic miles (5 km 3) per 1,000 years, [54] similar to the buildup of rhyodacite before the climactic eruption at Mount Mazama. [53] Within the last 15,000 years, Cascades volcanoes have erupted about 70 cubic miles (290 km 3 ) of material excluding rear-arc volcanoes.